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Objective(s): The aim of this study is to explore the effects of Urinary Kallidinogenase treatment on the survival of random skin flaps. Materials and Methods: McFarlane flaps were established and male rats were randomly assigned to the Urinary Kallidinogenase-treated as the experimental group and normal saline-treated as the control group. Urinary Kallidinogenase or normal saline( 3ml/Kg ) was administered intravenous injection once daily. On day 2, malondialdehyde(MDA) and superoxide dismutase(SOD) were detected by using test kits. On day 7, Flap survival rates were evaluated with transparent graph paper under visualization and flaps were obtained and stained with Hematoxylin and Eosin. The blood flow volume was determined by laser doppler method and the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) was immunohistochemically evaluated. Results: Compared to that in the control group. The mean survival area was increased larger in the Urinary Kallidinogenase group. SOD activity was inceased significantly, but the MDA levels in the test group were decreased.H&E-stained slices revealed that inflammation was inhibited in the experimental group. VEGF expression markedly inceased in the Urinary Kallidinogenase group. Conclusion: This study showed that Urinary Kallidinogenase administered intravenous injection significantly improved random skin flap survival in rats.